MeMoMu_SL_061 PATRONAGE OF THE ARTS _ PIR BUDAQ / ENDEL LEPP

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pir_Budaq
Pir Budaq
This article is about Pir Budaq, son of Jahan Shah. For Pir Budaq, son of Yusuf, see Pirbudag.

Abu'l-Fath Pir Budaq (died 1466) more commonly known simply as Pir Budaq (alternatively Pir Budak or Pir Budagh), son of Jahān Shāh of the Qara Qoyunlu dynasty, was governor of Shiraz (1456–1460) and of Baghdad (1460–66) where he introduced a period of political and economic stability. He is noted for developing a library of the finest manuscripts, for his patronage of the arts, for establishing Baghdad as an important centre of the arts and for reinvigorating the art of the book. He has been described as the greatest Turkmen patron of the arts.
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Patronage of the arts

Pir Budaq's father, Jahanshah, unlike his Qara Quonyulu ancestors, cultivated an interest in the arts. He commissioned monuments in a number of Persian cities, notably the Blue Mosque in Tabriz.[22] He was an accomplished poet, writing under the pen name of Haqiqi. His poetry, produced in both Turkish and Persian, demonstrates the divine quality of the word.[23] Pir Budaq also wrote poetry. A couplet from one of his poems written for his father, threatens to eradicate his father from the world:[24]

Both my fortune and I are young
do not attempt to fight with two young ones
I shall so throw you up and down,
That no sign shall remain from you or your name.

In Shiraz, Pir Budaq commissioned many manuscripts and established a library of high quality works.[25] Under his patronage, a flourishing arts industry developed there.[26]

Although, a number of manuscripts were made for Pir Budaq during his time in Shiraz, none of these were illustrated.[27] Following the successful Herat campaign in 1458, an unfinished, illustrated manuscript of a famous poem, Khamsa, by Nezami, formerly in the possession of the Herat's deposed ruler, passed to Pir Budaq.[28]

Scholars believe that when Pir Budaq was sent to Baghdad, he took a number of the best illustrators and calligraphers with him.[29] Prior to his arrival in Baghdad, local production of manuscripts had dwindled due to an uncertain economic and political environment. However, Pir Budaq took advantage of the pool of talented calligraphers, illustrators and poets and reinvigorated the arts.[30]

Almost as soon as he arrived in Baghdad, he exhibited a clear interest in illustrated manuscripts.[31] His preference was for compendia of poetry.[32] Manuscripts produced during Pir Budaq's Baghdad tenure exhibit an "ostentatious use of lapis lazuli and gold".[33] Works collected after 1458 exhibit a strong influence of Herat painting.[34]

Under his patronage, Baghdad became an important centre for the arts, attracting calligraphers and illustrators from around the region.[35] Pir Budaq has been described as one of the earliest of the Turkmen patrons of the arts.[36] 

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